Lesson 101 A card from Jimmy吉米的明信片

课文详注 Further notes on the text

1． speak up，大声地说，清楚地说。

up作副词用时可表示强度等的由弱到强、由低到高：

Can you get up to that note ? 你能唱得到那么高的音吗？

2．He doesn't say very much，does he？他没写许多，是吗？

附加疑问句中的前后两部分的谓语在时态、人称和数上都要一致。回答这种问句时要简略，要根据事实回答。假如答语本身是肯定的，就用 Yes；假如答语本身是否定的，就用 No。

语法 Grammar in use 

直接引语和间接引语

直接引语就是直接引用说话人原来所说的话；间接引语就是原话的转述。直接引语放在引号里，间接引语是把说话人的原话变成宾语从句。

间接引语中，宾语从句中的动词与主句中的主要动词在时态上必须保持一致。一般来说，主要动词用现在时，间接引语中可用现在时（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）和将来时。如：

She says she's got a headache. 她说她头痛。

He says he's staying at a Youth Hostel. 你说他正住在一家青年招待所。

He says he has sold his house. 他说他已卖掉了房子。

把直接陈述改为间接引语时，谓语动词形式的变化体现在人称上。如：

He says: ‘I hope you are all well. ’

他说:"我希望你们都身体健康。"

He says he hopes we/they are all well. 

他说他希望我们／他们都身体健康。

The girl says: ‘I have finished my homework.’

那个姑娘说:"她已完成了家庭作业。" 

The girl says that she has finished her homework.

那个姑娘说她已完成了家庭作业。

词汇学习 Word study

1．write v.

（1）写，书写：

They are learning to read and write. 他们在学习读书写字。

She writes legibly. 她笔迹清楚。

（2）写信：

I'll write to you soon. 我会尽快给你写信的。

Why didn't she write and tell him? 她为什么不写信告诉他？

（3）写作；作曲；当作家：

He started to write for the stage. 他开始成为一名剧作家。

He soon finished writing a symphony. 他很快就谱写成一部交响曲。

2．soon adv. 

（1）不久：

It will soon be spring. 春天很快就要到了。

Soon she would have to resign. 她不久就得辞职了。

（2）早；快：

Why are you leaving so soon? 你为什么这么快就要走了？

He came sooner than we expected. 他来得比我们预料的快。

练习答案 Key to written exercises 

Lesson 102

A

1 She says she has shut the door.

2 He says he has put on his coat.

3 He says he has read this magazine.

4 They say they have spoken to the boss.

5 They say the sun has risen.

B

(sample sentences)

1 He says he has got a cold.

2 He says he feels cold.

3 He says he will sell his house.

4 He says he needs an X-ray.

5 He says he must wait for a bus. 

6 He says he has got an earache.

7 He says he feels thirsty.

8 He says he needs a haircut.

9 He says he feels ill.