Lesson 109 A good idea好主意

课文详注 Further notes on the text 

1．Just a little， please．请稍加一点儿。

a little (=some)，一些／一点，用于修饰不可数名词。又如：

a little money/ water/coffee

一点儿钱／水／咖啡

a few (=some,severa1) 则用于可数名词。

2．One and a half teaspoonfuls， please．请放一勺儿半。

在英语中，比1大的东西，即使比2小，也需用复数表示。

3．It doesn't matter．没关系。这是表示此意的几种常用说法之一。

4．省略

more than you have中 have后省略了 got。下文中的 less than you have和fewer than you have同此。more than表示“比……多”； less than表示“比……少”； fewer than表示“比……少”（用于可数名词）。

I've got the most中 most后省略了 chocolate。形容词的最高级之后的名词在意思清楚的时候可省略。下文中的 the least同此。 the fewest后省略了 mistakes。

5．I've ever seen，我所见过的。

定语从句，分别修饰 the best，the worst。

语法 Grammar in use

1．不规则形容词的比较级和最高级

不规则形容词的比较级和最高级例举如下：

good----better----best 

bad----worse----worst 

many/much----more----most

little----less----least 

far----farther----farthest (表距离） far----further----furthest （表程度）

2．名词的数与修饰词

可数名词的多与少，用many与few来表达；不可数名词的多与少，则用much与little来表达

词汇学习 Word study

1．smoke v.

（1）抽（纸烟、烟斗等）：

He smokes cigars. 他抽雪茄。

Eat more and smoke less! 多吃点，少抽点！

（2）冒烟；冒雾气：

She could see a chimney smoking in the nearby village. 

她可以看到四周村子里的烟囱在冒烟。

Is the fireplace smoking?

壁炉在冒烟吗？

（3）熏制（鱼肉等）：

Do you know how to smoke hams? 

你知道如何熏制火腿吗？

2．instead adv.

（1）作为替代：

I'm tired and can't attend the meeting; you could go instead. 

我累了，不能去开会了，你可以代替我去。

She did not want to go to the university. Instead, she decided to become a singer. 

她不想上大学，而是决定成为一名歌手。

（2）代替，而不是(of)：

She wanted to have milk instead of juice.

她想要牛奶，而不是果汁。

She prefers buying books instead of borrowing them from the library. 

她宁可买书而不愿到图书馆去借。

练习答案 Key to written exercises 

Lesson 110

A

1 I haven't got any pens. I haven't got many either.

2 I've got some money. I've got less than you have.

3 I haven't got any money. I haven't got much either. 

4 I've got some books. I've got fewer than you have. 

B

1 I haven't got much jam. I've got very little. 

2 I haven't got many potatoes. I've got very few.

3 I haven't got many oranges. I've got very few.

4 I haven't got many vegetables. I've got very few.

5 I haven't got much meat. I've got very little.

6 I haven't got much money. I've got very little. 

C

1 I've got more soap than you have.

2 I've got more fruit than you have.

3 I've got more books than you have.

4 I've got more presents than you have. 

5 I've got more eggs than you have.

6 I've got more stationery than you have.

D

1 I've got less jam than you have. I've got the least.

2 I've got fewer potatoes than you have. I've got the fewest.

3 I've got fewer vegetables than you have. I've got the fewest.

4 I've got fewer oranges than you have. I've got the fewest.

5 I've got less meat than you have. I've got the least.

6 I've got less money than you have. I've got the least. 

不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式是英语语法中的一个重要部分，因为它们不遵循常规的变形规则。这些形容词的比较级和最高级形式需要特别记忆，因为它们在口语和书面语中都非常常见。以下是一些常见的不规则形容词及其比较级和最高级形式的例子：

  1. good - better - best
    • 例句：This book is better than that one.（这本书比那本好。）
    • 例句：She is the best student in her class.（她是班上最好的学生。）
  2. bad - worse - worst
    • 例句：I feel worse today than yesterday.（我今天感觉比昨天更糟。）
    • 例句：That was the worst movie I've ever seen.（那是我看过的最糟糕的电影。）
  3. many/much - more - most
    • 例句：I have more friends than you.（我比你有更多的朋友。）
    • 例句：She has the most beautiful voice.（她有最美丽的声音。）
  4. little - less - least
    • 例句：I have less time than I used to.（我现在的时间比以前少了。）
    • 例句：He is the least popular candidate.（他是最不受欢迎的候选人。）
  5. far - farther - farthest (表距离）
    • 例句：The next town is farther than I thought.（下一个城镇比我想象的要远。）
    • 例句：This is the farthest I've ever been from home.（这是我离家最远的地方。）
  6. far - further - furthest (表程度）
    • 例句：We need to further discuss this issue.（我们需要进一步讨论这个问题。）
    • 例句：No further questions were asked.（没有再提出其他问题。）

名词的数与修饰词

在英语中，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词可以有单数和复数形式，而不可数名词通常没有复数形式。修饰名词的词语（修饰词）也会根据名词的可数性而有所不同。

  1. 可数名词
    • many 和 few 用来修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示数量的多或少。
    • 例句：There are many books on the shelf.（书架上有很多书。）
    • 例句：I have few friends in this city.（我在这个城市朋友不多。）
  2. 不可数名词
    • much 和 little 用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量的多或少。
    • 例句：I have much work to do.（我有很多工作要做。）
    • 例句：There is little water left in the bottle.（瓶子里剩下的水很少。）

了解这些修饰词的用法对于正确表达名词的数量和程度非常重要。通过掌握这些基本的语法规则，我们可以更准确地描述事物，并提高英语表达的清晰度和准确性。