Lesson 34 Quick work
【New words and expressions】(2)
station n. (警察)局
most adv. 相当,非常
★station n. (警察)局 (一定是与军方, 警方有关系的)
post office 邮局
police office 警局
I went to the police. 我去警察局
communication bureau 交通局 (bureau n. 局)
★most adv. 相当, 非常
① adj. 用于最高级,表示“最……”
This is the most beautiful car I’ve even seen.
② adj. 大多数的,大部分的
Most doctors don’t smoke.
③ adv. 非常,很(相当于very,但通常用于表达主观感情、见解等)
只有加“the”时译为“最”,加“a”或什么也不加时译为“非常,相当”(“very” 的概念),常与形容词作用的过去分词连用。
a most interesting book 非常有趣的书
I was most surprised when I heard the news. 当我听到这个消息时,我非常惊讶。
【Text】
Ted Robinson has been worried all the week. Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police. In the letter he was asked to call at the station. Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more. At the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle had been found. Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. It is now being sent to his home by train. Ted was most surprised when he heard the news. He was amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen twenty years ago when Ted was a boy of fifteen !
参考译文
丹·鲁宾逊焦虑了整整一个星期. 上星期二他收到当地警察局的一封信, 要他到警察局去一趟. 丹奇怪警察为什么找他, 但昨天还是去了, 结果他不再担心了. 在警察局里, 一位面带笑容的警察告诉他, 他的自行车找到了. 那位警察对他说, 那辆自行车是5天前在400英里外的一个小村里发现的, 现在正用火车给他运回家来. 丹听到这个消息后, 惊奇万分, 但又感到非常好笑, 因为他从未指望那辆自行车还能找到. 这是20年前丹还是一个15岁的孩子时被人偷走的!
【课文讲解】
1、Quick work
quick adj. 动作的快;
fast adv. 速度的快;
soon adv. 时间快
have a quick meal
quick freeze 速冻
2、Ted Robinson has been worried all the week.
worried adj. 焦虑的,担心的
worry vt. 使担心,发愁
She appears to be worried by/about something. 好象有什么事使她发愁。
3、Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police.
the local police 当地警察局
local adj. 地方性的,当地的,本地的
local news 当地新闻 ; local color 当地色彩, 地方色彩
local people 当地人 ; local call 市话
native n. 土著人;adj. 土生土长的
4、In the letter he was asked to call at the station.
call at (some place) 拜访某地
call on sb. 拜访某人
ask/tell/expect/want/allow/request/order sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
sb. was told 某人被告知;有人告诉某人
I was told that yesterday you did something wrong.
he was told that/to do (被动) = someone told him that… (主动)
5、Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more.
wonder表示“想知道”时后面往往跟疑问词引导的从句
She wondered who that man was/what had happened.
want用于被动语态时可以表示“想与(某人见面、谈话等)”或“缉拿,追捕”
Please wait a minute. I’m wanted on the phone. 请等一下,有我的电话。
This is the man (who is) wanted by the police.
not......any more = no more 不再, 再也不
I don’t talk to you any more. 我不再会对你谈话了
I walked no more. 我不再走了
6、Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away.
pick up (偶然地、意外地)找到、获得、学会
I’ve picked up a bad cold.
I picked up some French while traveling in Paris.
在巴黎游览期间我学了几句法语。
He picked up the book in a small library. 他在一个小图书馆发现了那本书。
five miles away这一类结构可以直接做定语, 放在被修饰词后面
The school is five miles away. 学校在五里外
the school five miles away 五里外的学校
I live in a house which is five miles away. = I live in a house five miles away.
7、It is now being sent to his home by train.
这句语是被动语态用于现在进行时,其结构为“am/is/are +being +过去分词”
The clavichord is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.
home 前一旦加修饰词(如文中的his), 则其为名词
8、Ted was most surprised when he heard the news.
most surprised中的most有very的意思,常与起形容词作用的过去分词连用。
【letter writting】
在地址中我们通常使用缩略形式, 如 : “St.” (Street); “Rd.” (Road); “Sq.” (Square); “Ave.” (Avenue); “Pl.” (Place),而有些词则不用缩略形式, 如 “Lane” 和“Drive”(行车道)
pics. pictures; secs. seconds
【Special difficulties】
与call有关的短语动词
① call on sb. 拜访,探望
Have you called on George recently?
② call (sb.) up 给某人打电话(美语)
If you want my help, just call up.
③ call at +地点 对(某个人家或地方)进行短暂访问
He calls at every house in the street once a month.
④ call out 大声叫喊
Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat.
⑤ call off 取消(某项活动)
For some reason, they have called off the party/the meeting.
⑥ call in 召集
Exercise 练习
2 It's too late to go to the pictures. Why don't we call the whole thing ______?
go to the pictures 去看电影
call the whole thing off 取消
【Multiple choice questions】
8 All the police at the station are ___b___ men.
a. topical b. local c. native d. neighbourly
local adj. 当地的; native adj. 自己在这里(祖祖辈辈都在这里)
topical adj. 时事问题的,热门话题的,题目的
neighbourly adj. 邻居的
【语法 Grammar in use】
被动语态(3)
在第10课的语法中,我们学习了被动语态的基本形式。一般说来,无论是主动语态还是被动语态,句子的主语往往是说话者认为比较重要或想要强调的。如果说话人想避免用不明确的词(如 someone, a person等)作主语,就常常使用被动语态。在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中,既可以让动词用被动语态而不定式用主动语态,也可以让不定式用被动语态:
Someone told Mary to meet us.
有人通知玛丽来接我们。(主语不明确)
短语动词是英语中常见的一种语言现象,它们由一个动词加上一个或多个介词或副词组成,形成具有特定意义的短语。在这些短语动词中,“call”是一个常用的动词,与其他词汇结合可以构成多种不同的短语,每个短语都有其独特的含义和用法。以下是一些与“call”有关的短语动词的详细解释和例句:
通过这些例句,我们可以看到“call”构成的短语动词在不同情境下的多样用法。掌握这些短语不仅能帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思,还能让我们的英语表达更加地道和自然。
在英语中,被动语态是一种重要的语法结构,它将动作的接受者(即宾语)置于句子的主语位置,而动作的执行者则不明确或者被省略。被动语态的基本形式由“助动词be + 过去分词”构成,而不定式则是一种非限定性动词形式,可以表示动作或状态,通常跟在主要动词后面,用来说明目的、原因等。
在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中,可以根据说话者的意图选择使用主动语态或被动语态。这种结构允许在宾语后面跟一个不定式,来进一步说明宾语的动作或状态。以下是两种不同的情况:
在你提供的句子中,“Someone told Mary to meet us.”(有人通知玛丽来接我们),这里的动词“told”使用了主动语态,而不定式“to meet us”也使用了主动语态,因为执行动作的主体“someone”是明确的,而“Mary”是动作的接受者和执行者。
如果说话者想要避免使用不明确的词作为主语,或者想要强调动作的接受者而不是执行者,可以选择使用被动语态。例如,如果执行者是未知的或者不重要,我们可以说:“The meeting was called off.”(会议被取消了),这里使用被动语态强调的是会议这个动作的接受者,而不是取消会议的具体执行者。