Lesson57 Back in the old country
Book
课文
I stopped to let the car cool off and to study the map.
我停下车，让汽车发动机冷却一下，同时查看一下地图。
I had expected to be near my objective by now, but everything still seemed alien to me.
我本想离目的地已经不远，但周围一切对我仍很陌生。
I was only five when my father had taken me abroad, and that was 18 years ago.
我5岁那年，父亲就带我出了国，那是18年前的事了。
When my mother had died after a tragic accident, he did not quickly recover from the shock and loneliness.
当时我母亲在一次事故中惨死，父亲未能很快从悲痛与孤独中恢复过来。
Everything around him was full of her presence, continually reopening the wound.
他身边的一切都是母亲的影子不断勾起他的伤感。
So he decided to emigrate.
于是他决定移居他国。
In the new country he became absorbed in making a new life for the two of us, so that he gradually ceased to grieve.
在这个新的国家里，父亲专心致志地为我们俩开创一种新的生活，慢慢地不伤心了。
He did not marry again and I was brought up without a woman's care; but I lacked for nothing, for he was both father and mother to me.
父亲没有再娶，因此，我在没有母亲的环境里长大成人。但我却什么都不缺，他既当父亲又当母亲。
He always meant to go back one day, but not to stay.
他总想将来回国看看，但却不愿长期住下去，
His roots and mine had become too firmly embedded in the new land.
因为他与我一样已经把根深深地扎在异国的土地上。
But he wanted to see the old folk again and to visit my mother's grave.
但是，他想看一看家乡父老乡亲，为我的母亲扫墓。
He became mortally ill a few months before we had planned to go and, when he knew that he was dying, he made me promise to go on my own.
就在他计划回国的前几个月，他突然身患绝症。他知道自己已奄奄一息，于是他要我答应一定单独回故乡一趟。
I hired a car the day after landing and bought a comprehensive book of maps, which I found most helpful on the cross-country journey, but which I did not think I should need on the last stage.
我下飞机后租了一辆车，并买了一本详尽的地图册，在乡间行车途中，我觉得它非常有用，但快到家了，我倒觉得它没什么用了。
It was not that I actually remembered anything at all. But my father had described over and over again what we should see at every milestone after leaving the nearest town, so that I was positive I should recognize it as familiar territory.
这倒并非是我背熟了地图，而是父亲曾详细给我讲了，在过了离故乡最近的那个小镇后，在每一个路标处可见到些什么。因此，我相信这段路对我来说会是很熟悉的。
Well, I had been wrong, for I was now lost.
唉，实际我错了，我现在迷路了。
I looked at the map and then at the milometer.
我看了看地图，又查了一下里程表。
I had come ten miles since leaving the town and at this point, according to my father, I should be looking at farms and cottages in a valley, with the spire of the church of our village showing in the far distance.
从小镇出来，我走了10英里。照父亲的说法，我面前应是一个山谷，有农场与村舍，还可远远望见老家村子里的教堂的尖顶。
I could see no valley, no farms, no cottages and no church spire-only a lake.
可现在我却看不出山谷，看不见农舍，也看见教学尖顶，看见只是一片湖泊。
I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere.
我想一定是什么地方拐错了弯儿。
So I drove back to the town and began to retrace the route, taking frequent glances at the map.
于是我驾车返回小镇，重新按路线行驶。
I landed up at the same corner.
结果又来到刚才那个拐弯处。
The curious thing was that the lake was not marked on the map.
奇怪的是那个湖没有在地图上标出。
I felt as if I had stumbled into a nightmare country, as you sometimes do in dreams.
我感到自己就像平时作梦那样迷迷糊糊地闯进了恶梦境地。
And, as in a nightmare, there was nobody in sight to help me.
就像在恶梦里一样，见不到一个人可以帮助我。
Fortunately for me, as I was wondering what to do next, there appeared on the horizon a man on horseback, riding in my direction.
不过，我是幸运的，正当我走投无路之时，从天边出现一个骑马的人向我骑来。
I waited till he came near, then I asked him the way to our old village.
等他走近了，问他去老家的路。
He said that there was now no village.
他说那村子已经没有了。
I thought he must have misunderstood me, so I repeated its name.
我想他一定误解了我的意思，于是又说一遍村庄的名字。
This time he pointed to the lake.
这次他用手指了一下那个湖。
The village no longer existed because it had been submerged, and all the valley too.
村庄已不复存在，因为已经为水所淹，山谷也被水淹没了。
The lake was not a natural one, but a man-made reservoir.
这不是一个天然湖泊，是一座人工修建的水库。
词汇讲解
alien ['eiljən] adj. 外国的；外星的
alien cultures 外国文化
alien beings 外星人
be alien to … 对…来说是陌生的
The idea is alien to our religion.
Luxury is alien to her nature.
【扩展】【近义词组】表达“陌生的”：
be foreign to …
Jealousy is foreign to his nature.
exotic adj. 外国的，新奇漂亮的
exotic tropical plants
I am charmed with her exotic beauty.
emigrate ['emɪgreɪt] v. 移居国外
【Word Family】
migrate v.1.（鸟类、动物等随季节变化）迁徙；2. 移居；迁移
migration n. 迁移；移民；移动
migrant adj. 移居的；流浪的
emigrate v. 移居；移民；移居外国
emigration n. 移民；移民出境；移居外国
emigrant adj. 移民的；移居的
emigrate from 从…移民出去
immigrate v. 移入； 使移居入境
immigration n. 外来移民；移居
immigrant adj. 移民的；迁入的
immigrate to 从…移民进来
People migrate to cities in search of work.
Swallows migrate south in winter.
Europeans emigrating from their homelands after World War Ⅱ were encouraged to immigrate to Australia.
absorb [əb'sɔ:b]v. 使全神贯注
【近义词组】表达“全神贯注于某事”：
be absorbed in …
be engrossed in …
be wrapped up in …
be immersed in …
He is totally immersed in the novel.
【扩展】表达“忙于做某事”：
be busy (in) doing 忙于做某事
be up to one’s neck / ears in … 忙于某事
听力真题：
A．She wants to check the weather before deciding.
B．She has a problem with her hearing.
C．She’d enjoy coming to dinner another time.
D．She wants the man to help her with some work.
M: Can you come over for dinner tonight?
W: I’m up to my ears in work, so I’ll have to take a rain check.
Q: What does the woman mean?
Answer: (C) She’d enjoy coming to dinner another time.
embedded [ɪm'bedɪd] adj. 嵌入的
【近义词组】表达“深深的扎根于…”：
be (firmly) embedded in …
be (firmly) rooted in …
be (firmly) entrenched in …
be (firmly) ingrained in …
His roots and mine had become too firmly embedded in the new land.
He had lived in it as a child when it was already disappearing, and his hero was firmly rooted in his memories and experiences, and in both the history and the mythology of the vanished frontier.
【扩展】【复习】Lesson 50
deep-rooted / deep-seated 根深蒂固的（只能指事物）
a deep-seated faith in god
a deep-rooted bad habit
inveterate hatred（仇恨） / prejudice（偏见） / distrust（不信任） 深深的、根深蒂固的…
an inveterate smoker（老烟鬼） / drinker（老酒鬼） / gambler（赌棍） / liar（骗子）
milestone ['maɪlstəʊn] n. 里程碑；划时代事件
milestone in … 在…上的里程碑
October 10st, 1911 was a milestone in the history of China.
mark a milestone in … 标志着…的里程碑
This voyage marked an important milestone in the history of exploration.
a milestone on / along the road to … 通往…的里程牌
We believe that what we have agreed today will be a milestone on the road to true peace and prosperity in our country.
【扩展】
crossroads n. 十字路口；抉择关头
at a crossroads 处在十字路口
He was at a crossroads in his career.
territory ['terətri] n. 领土，地盘；领域
territory n. 含义1：[U] & [C] 领土，地盘
enemy（敌人） / disputed（有争议的） / foreign（外国） territory …领土
occupied territories 被占领的领土
They refused to allow UN troops to be stationed in their territory.
A tiger has a large territory to defend.
A dog uses urine to mark its territory. 动物的领土
territory n. 含义2： [U]（知识或经验的）领域
familiar（熟悉的） / unfamiliar（不熟悉） territory …的领域
The company is moving into unfamiliar territory with this new software.
Social work is familiar territory to her.
stumble ['stʌmbl] v. 绊脚
stumble v. 英文解释：strike one’s foot against sth. and almost fall 绊脚
= trip
In her hurry she stumbled and spilled the milk all over the floor.
stumble over / on … 在……上绊了一下
= trip over / on …
Vic stumbled over the step as he came in.
Running along the beach, she stumbled on a log and fell on the sand.
stumble across / on / upon …英文解释： to find sth. or meet sb. by accident 偶然发现或遇到……
= come across …
We stumbled across him at the mall.
Police investigating tax fraud stumbled across a drugs ring.
History relates that they stumbled on a magnificent waterfall.
stumble into … 英文解释：to become involved in sth. by chance 偶然卷入、参与或陷入……
I stumbled into acting when I left college.
课文讲解
（第一段）
I stopped to let the car cool off and to study the map.
语法分析：
I stopped to let the car cool off（目的状语） and to study the map（目的状语）.
知识点（1）
cool off v. 英文解释：to return to a normal temperature after being hot 冷却下来，凉爽下来
Cool off with an iced drink.
By late autumn Mediterranean islands have cooled off, and can have rainy days.
知识点（2）
study v. 英文解释：examine (sth) very carefully 仔细察看（某事物）
study the map / menu …
Scientists are studying the photographs of Mars for signs of life.
I had expected to be near my objective by now, but everything still seemed alien to me.
知识点（1）
expect (sb.) to do 以为；料想
He didn't expect to see me.
We expected him to arrive yesterday.
知识点（2）
objective n. 目 标 ， 目 的
= goal
Everest is the climber's next objective.
Let justice be our objective.
知识点（3）Lesson25
by now （增加现场感）在那个时候
= by then
After crossing the equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.
知识点（4）
be alien to … 对某人来说是陌生的
a way of life that is totally alien to us
The idea is alien to our religion.
Luxury is alien to her nature.
I was only five when my father had taken me abroad, and that was 18 years ago.
When my mother had died after a tragic accident, he did not quickly recover from the shock and loneliness.
知识点（1）Lesson44
recover from … 从……恢复
You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey.
recover sth. 含义1： 恢复……
= restore sth. / regain sth.
recover sth. 含义2：重新获得，找回，赚回，补偿
Four paintings stolen from the gallery have been recovered.
We recovered lost time by setting out early.
But the claim made by a local authority to recover the cost of salvaging a sunken pie dish must surely be unique.
Everything around him was full of her presence, continually reopening the wound.
知识点（1）Lesson54、55
presence n. 含义1： 出席，在场，存在
We enjoy staring at them entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence.
At present, there is no telescope in existence that is capable of detecting the presence of life.
in the presence of sb. 某人在长的情况下
in sb.’s presence 某人在长的情况下
Harry is very thrifty, but in the presence of his friends he never shows this side of his life.
I asked you not to smoke in my presence.
presence 含义2：n. a person or spirit that you cannot see but that you feel is with you in a place 似乎在场
His daughter's presence seemed to fill her empty bedroom.
知识点（2）Lesson18、54
【辨析】
continually adv. 不断地；频繁地
continuously adv. 连续不断地
These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad.
Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.
be continually / always doing 老做某事（Lesson2）
知识点（3）
reopening adj. 重新开的；重新开放的；重新开始的
Everything around me is full of his / her presence, continually reopening the wound.
So he decided to emigrate.
In the new country he became absorbed in making a new life for the two of us, so that he gradually ceased to grieve.
知识点（1）
make a new life for sb. 为……开创新生活
I was determined to make a new life for myself in Australia.
After the divorce she moved to Buckingham to make a new life for herself.
【辨析】
turn over a new leaf 弃恶从善，洗心革面重做人
The thief was determined to turn over a new leaf once he was released from prison.
知识点（2）Lesson35
cease to do / doing: stop doing 停止做某事、不再做某事
区别：
cease to do 一般表示状态
cease doing 可以是正在做的可延续的动作
That department has ceased to exist.
The factory has ceased making bicycles.
There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract concept.
【辨析】
stop doing 不再做某事
stop to do 停下手头的事去做另外一件事
Please stop smoking. Smoke really bothers me. 停止抽烟
I’m exhausted. Let’s stop to smoke.停下来去抽烟
Stop to smell the flowers.
知识点（3）
grieve v. 英文解释：to feel extremely sad, especially because someone you love has died 悲伤
grieve over / for …为了某事悲伤
They are still grieving over / for their dead child.
She grieved the death of her husband.
【同根词】Lesson53
grievance n. 委屈，不平，不满，牢骚
A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State.
He did not marry again and I was brought up without a woman's care; but I lacked for nothing, for he was both father and mother to me.
语法分析:
He did not marry again and（并列） I was brought up without a woman's care（介词短语做状语）; but（转折） I lacked for nothing, for he was both father and mother to me（for... 原因状语从句）.
知识点（1）Lesson23、54
bring sb. ↔ up 把某人抚养大
知识点（2）
lack sth. 缺乏……
lack for sth. (fml.) 需要……
= need sth.
lack for nothing 应有尽有
知识点（3）
… for he was both father and mother to me.
语法：语义相对的名词并列，常省略冠词
Father and son went to New York by a morning train.
We are brother and sister.
Husband and wife are talking about the boy’s future.
Please pass me pencil and paper.
He always meant to go back one day, but not to stay.
语法分析:
He always meant to go back（mean to do 打算） one day, but not to stay（mean to do 打算）.
知识点（1）
mean to do sth. 打算做某事
Whoops! I didn't mean to step on your toe.
I mean to leave that meeting with a new contract.
His roots and mine had become too firmly embedded in the new land.
知识点（1）
【近义词组】表达“深深的扎根于…”：
be (firmly) embedded in …
be (firmly) rooted in …
be (firmly) entrenched in …
be (firmly) ingrained in …
But he wanted to see the old folk again and to visit my mother's grave.
知识点（1）
folk (BrE) / folks (AmE) n. people 人们
ordinary working-class folk
I'd like a job working with old folk or kids.
Young folk these days don't know the meaning of work.
He became mortally ill a few months before we had planned to go and, when he knew that he was dying, he made me promise to go on my own.
语法分析:
He became mortally ill a few months before we had planned to go（时间状语） and, when he knew that he was dying（宾语从句） （when... 时间状语从句）, he made me promise to go on my own.
知识点（1）
mortally = fatally adv. 致命地
mortally / fatally + ill（病） / injured（伤） / wounded（伤） 致命地…
a mortal / fatal + illness / injury / wound 致命的…
【反义词】
Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the greatest bridge in the world was named after him.
知识点（2）Lesson22
alone / on one’s own / by oneself 独自地（没有其他人陪伴或帮忙）
She was sitting alone on a park bench.
I don’t like walking home on my own at night.
Do you share the apartment or do you live by yourself?
all (alone / on one’s own / by oneself ) 加强语气
Wendy was frightened, all alone in that big old house.
（第二段）
I hired a car the day after landing and bought a comprehensive book of maps, which I found most helpful on the cross-country journey, but which I did not think I should need on the last stage.
语法分析:
I hired a car the day after landing（时间状语） and bought a comprehensive book of maps, which I found most helpful on the cross-country journey（which...定语从句）, but（定语从句并列） which I did not think（嵌入式定语从句，which既修饰maps,有做think地宾语） I should need on the last stage（which...定语从句）.
知识点（1）Lesson24、42、48 定语从句
语法：定语从句并列
1）. 【同一层次上的双重定语从句】；两个定语从句修饰同一个名词或短语，中间用并列连词 (and, or 或 but) 连接，此时关系词往往不可省去。
This book is intended for foreign students who have already mastered the elements of English, and who now want to use their knowledge of language to read books on their own subjects.
The past progressive is chiefly used for past actions which continued for some time but whose exact limits are not known.
2）. 【不在同一层次上的双重定语从句】；第一个定语从句修饰前面的名词或短语，第二个定语从句修饰“名词或短语+第一个定语从句” 两个定语从句之间没有并列连词连接。第一个定语从句的关系词（一般是关系代词作宾语） 可省略。Lesson24
The only person I know（修饰person） who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton（who...定语从句，修饰前面整个主句）, and he is very pound of the fact.
3）. 【嵌入式定语从句 (Embedded Attributive Clause) 】：既是先行词的后置定语，又是另一个分句结构的宾语。Lesson42、48
…, but which I did not think I should need on the last stage.
造句：她有一个养子，这个养子据她讲是个孤儿。
She has an adopted son who she says is an orphan.
造句：Aleko 突然得到了一只新的羊羔，这只羊羔他声称是买来的。
Aleko suddenly acquired a new lamb which he claimed was bought.
In this part of the cave, they could hear an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by a small waterspout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave.
Turning back down the main street, we quickened our pace and made our way rapidly towards the stream where we hoped the boatman was waiting.
备注：嵌入式定语从句和插入语的区别；插入语去掉之后应对语法没有影响，也对句子含义也没影响
He’s just published an article which I don’t think is interesting at all. （如果去掉“I don’t think ”对句子含义有影响）
I met a man whom I thought was a lunatic. （如果去掉“I thought”对语法有影响）
It was not that I actually remembered anything at all. But my father had described over and over again what we should see at every milestone after leaving the nearest town, so that I was positive I should recognize it as familiar territory.
语法分析:
课文写法替换：（合并）
It was not that（不是因为） I actually remembered anything at all, but (that) （而是因为） my father had described over and over again what we should see at every milestone, after leaving the nearest town（时间状语）（what… 宾语从句）, so that （所以）I was positive（目的状语从句） (that) I should recognize it as familiar territory（形容词补足语） .
知识点（1）Lesson39
It is/was not that …, but (that) … 不是因为……, 而是因为……
It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties. He simply had no sense of danger at all.
It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties, but (that) he simply had no sense of danger at all.
【扩展】
not that …, but that … 不是因为……, 而是因为……
Not that I love Caesar less, but that I love Rome more. —— Shakespeare ‘Julius Caesar’
知识点（2）
over and over (again) 一再地，屡次地，三番五次地
I’ve told you over and over (again) not to do that.
【扩展】【近义词组】表达“一再地”
again and again
time after time
time and (time) again
many times
repeatedly
知识点（3）
be positive (that) … 对……确定
Are you absolutely positive you locked the door?
回答：
I was sure / certain / confident / convinced (that) … 我肯定
I had no doubt (that) … 我肯定
I bet (that) … 我肯定
知识点（4）
familiar / unfamiliar territory 熟悉/不熟悉（的领域）
Social work is familiar territory to her.
All this is familiar territory to readers of her recent novels.
Well, I had been wrong, for I was now lost.
知识点（1）
well interj. 英文解释：used for expressing a feeling such as doubt, surprise, or anger 哎呦（表达怀疑、惊讶或愤怒等感情）
Well, they have a lot of nerve!
Well, she could at least have phoned to say she wasn't coming!
（第三段）
I looked at the map and then at the milometer.
语法分析:
I looked at the (look at) map and then at the (look at) milometer.
知识点（1）
-meter 仪器、仪表
thermometer 温度表
barometer 气压计
odometer / milometer 里程表
speedometer 速度计
I had come ten miles since leaving the town and at this point, according to my father, I should be looking at farms and cottages in a valley, with the spire of the church of our village showing in the far distance.
语法分析:
I had come ten miles since leaving the town（时间状语）, and at this point（地点状语）, according to my father（介词短语做状语）, I should be looking at farms and cottages in a valley（后置定语）, with the spire of the church of our village showing in the far distance（独立主格）.
知识点（1）
come = travel
Some of the birds have come thousands of miles to winter here.
知识点（2）Lesson6
语法: 独立主格；(with) + n. (逻辑主语)+ 非谓语 (doing / done / to do, 其中 being 常省略), 在句中常作状语或定语
The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights (being) on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.
It is possible that upon such an occasion a battle ensued, with the sharks being driven away or killed.
I could see no valley, no farms, no cottages and no church spire-only a lake.
I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere.
知识点（1）Lesson43
decide 不一定译为“决定”，而常常译为“（在考虑之后）确定，断定，认为”，尤其是其后加 that 引导的宾语从句时。
The pie committee decided（确定，断定，认为） that the best way to transport the dish would be by canal, so they insured it for the trip.
From then on, Harry decided（确定，断定，认为） that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive.
I decided（确定，断定，认为） that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere.
Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided（确定，断定，认为） that at her age it might be more prudent to have someone with her, so she went to fetch the porter from his basement.
知识点（2）
turning (BrE) / turn (AmE) n. 道路转弯处
He must have taken a wrong turning in the dark.
Take the first turning on the left.
So I drove back to the town and began to retrace the route, taking frequent glances at the map.
语法分析:
So（所以） I drove back to the town and began to retrace the route, taking frequent glances at the map（非谓语动词做伴随状语）.
知识点（1）
retrace v. 含义1：to go back exactly the way you have come 折返
After a few minutes, he turned around and began to retrace his steps.
retrace v. 含义2：repeat (a journey, route, etc.) exactly 重走
We shall be retracing the route taken by Marco Polo.
They are hoping to retrace the epic voyage of Christopher Columbus.
知识点（2）
take / shoot / throw / cast a glance at … 扫视……
The couple at the next table cast quick glances at us.
The other people shot sidelong glances at me.
I landed up at the same corner.
知识点（1）
land up = end up = finish up
英文解释：to finally be in a particular place or situation 最终；最后……
He'll land / end / finish up in hospital if he carries on drinking like that.
land up / end up / finish up doing 最终；最后
Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he landed up / ended up / finished up becoming a successful writer of detective stories.
The curious thing was that the lake was not marked on the map.
I felt as if I had stumbled into a nightmare country, as you sometimes do in dreams.
语法分析:
I felt as if I had stumbled（虚拟语气） into a nightmare country, as you sometimes do in dreams（方式状语从句）. （as if... 表语从句）
知识点（1）Lesson33
语法：as if / as though 从句中表达与事实相反或可能性很小时，可以用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用一般过去时（be 动词一般用 were），与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与未来趋势相反用 would / should / could / might + 动词原形
It is as if a single unimportant event set(过去式，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反) up a chain of reactions.
As if this were(过去式，虚拟语气，与现在事实相反) not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.
I felt as if I had stumbled(过去完成时，虚拟语气，与过去事实相反) into a nightmare country, as you sometimes do in dreams.
It looks as if it might(虚拟语气，与未来趋势相反) rain.
注意，as if / as though从句中虚拟语气为进行时的时候，一般都用were doing 的形式。
'Oh, that,' he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend.
Suddenly, the knocking turned to a forceful banging, as if someone were hitting the door with a metal rod. (The Da Vinci Code)
It looks as if he were talking to someone invisible.
知识点（2）
stumble into … 英文解释：to become involved in sth. by chance 偶然卷入、参与或陷入……
I stumbled into acting when I left college.
知识点（3）
课文补全：
I felt as if I had stumbled into a nightmare country, as（正如） you sometimes stumble into a nightmare country in dreams.
And, as in a nightmare, there was nobody in sight to help me.
语法分析:
And, as in a nightmare（方式状语从句）, there was nobody in sight to help me.
知识点（1）
语法: 连词as 引导的方式状语从句中常省略主句中出现过的成分而只残存“as+状语”结构。
And, as in a nightmare, there was nobody in sight to help me.
And, as there is nobody in sight to help me in a nightmare, there was nobody in sight to help me.
考研阅读：
In New York, as in some other cities, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.
In New York, as environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious in some other cities, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.
Fortunately for me, as I was wondering what to do next, there appeared on the horizon a man on horseback, riding in my direction.
语法分析:
Fortunately for me（状语）, as I was wondering what to do next（宾语从句）（时间状语从句）, there appeared（全部倒装） on the horizon a man on horseback, riding in my direction.
知识点（1）Lesson10、17、56
语法：全部倒装（把全部谓语置于主语之前。）
表示位置或次序的状语置于句首，只要满足两个条件，要用全部倒装。
主语不是代词。
谓语动词不是及物动词。
这种倒装主要目的是为了突出句末的主语。
Now comes your turn.
On the hill stands a temple.
In came Miss Green.
There are two people.
There once stood a little village.
Next came a horse, …
课文：
…, there appeared on the horizon a man on horseback, …
正常语序：
…, a man on horseback appeared there on the horizon, …
不能倒装
Off he went. 主语不能是代词
On the hill John saw Mary. 谓语是及物动词
表语置于句首。这种倒装主要目的是为了避免头重脚轻（主语较长）。
Happy is he who has a sound mind in a sound body.
Gone are the days when my heart was young and gay.
知识点（2）
on horseback 【idiom】骑着马；驾驭着马
a soldier on horseback
They travelled over the mountains on horseback.
知识点（3）
in sb.'s direction 朝某人的方向
Tony glanced in her direction and their eyes met.
I waited till he came near, then I asked him the way to our old village.
知识点（1）
ask / tell / show sb. the way to … 问路/指路/指路
He asked me the way to London.
Could you tell me the way to the station?
Could you please show me the way to the temple?
He said that there was now no village.
I thought he must have misunderstood me, so I repeated its name.
This time he pointed to the lake.
The village no longer existed because it had been submerged, and all the valley too.
课文补全：
The village no longer existed because it had been submerged, and all the valley had been submerged too.
The lake was not a natural one, but a man-made reservoir.